Most cultural competencies are based on the relationship of students and teachers and their communication:
- Creating a Working Atmosphere: Student behavior and student attention and engagement
- Creating a Safe Atmosphere: Positive teacher-student (and peer) relationships
- Language Difference Awareness: Functional view of language
- Making Content Comprehensible: Reading and vocabulary strategies; use of more visual techniques
- Creating Opportunities for Language Development: Value of writing and talking and use of open-ended questions
- Expanding Language Proficiency in Content Areas: Scaffold student's learning; incorporate second-language teaching strategies
[Citation: den Brok, P., van Eerde, D., & Hajer, M. (2010). Classroom Interaction Studies as a Source for Teacher Competencies: The Use of Case Studies with Multiple Instruments for Studying Teacher Competencies in Multicultural Classes. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 16(6), 717-733. Retrieved from ERIC database.]